A Powerful Tool for Controlling Plant Mites-insecticide Pyridaben
What is Pyridaben?Pyridaben is a pyridazinone, an organochlorine insecticide and an organochlorine acaricide.Cas 96489-71-3It has a role as a mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor. As a nonsystematic broad-spectrum acaricide, pyridaben is mainly applied in orchards, crop fields (in particular vegetables), tea plantations, and gardens to control phytophagous mites, white flies, aphids, and thrips .Pyridaben is a powerful inhibitor of glutamate-dependent..
Pyridaben (2-tert-butyl-5-(4-tert-butylbenzylthio)-4-chloropyridazin-3(2H)-one) is an acaricide containing pyridazinone moiety.pyridaben was one of the most frequently used pesticide in apple orchard, with a used frequency of 86.0% (Shi et al., 2020). mitochondrial respiration. Specifically, it inhibits the activity of NADH: ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) and thus inhibits electron transport in insect systems.
Pyridaben is an insecticide and acaricide. It has a low aqueous solubility, relatively volatile and, based on its chemical properties, is not expected to leach to groundwater. It tends not to persist in soils or water systems. It is moderately toxic to mammals and not expected to bioaccumulate.
Pyridaben is an acaricide widely used around the world to control phytophagous mites, white flies, aphids, and thrips. It is highly toxic to nontarget organisms such as predatory mites, bees, and fishes. Therefore, the occurrence and removal of pyridaben in food and the environment are worthy of concern. This mini-review focuses on pyridaben residue levels in crops, aquatic systems, and soils, as well as the green synthesis and removal of pyridaben. Vegetable and agricultural soil samples exhibited the highest detection rates and residue levels. One-pot synthesis offers a green chemistry and sustainable alternative for the synthesis of pyridaben. Among traditional home treatments, peeling is the most effective way to remove pyridaben from crops. Magnetic solid-phase extraction technology has emerged as a powerful tool for the adsorption and separation of pyridaben. Photocatalytic methods using TiO2 as a catalyst were developed as advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of pyridaben in aqueous solutions. Current gaps in pyridaben removal were proposed to provide future development directions for minimizing the exposure risk of pyridaben residues to human and nontarget organisms.
Pyridaben usage characteristic
It is a kind of low toxic acaricide which has contact and stomach toxicity functions without systemic and permeation conduction effect. It is mainly used for preventing and killing off the red spiders on orange trees
It is a non-systmic insecticide and acaricide, Rapid knock-down and long residual activity.
Active against all the developing stqages, especially against the larval and nymph stages. Control of red spiders on cotton, soya bean, fruit trees, ornamentals and vegetables at 5-20g/hl or 100-300kg/ha.
Pyridaben Mode of action
Pyridine is a broad-spectrum, tactile acaricide, which can be used to prevent and control multi-planting and feeding mites.To the whole growth period of acari namely egg, young acari, if acari and adult acari have very good effect, to the adult acari of mobile period have obvious quick kill effect likewise.The drug is not affected by temperature change, and can achieve satisfactory effect no matter it is used in early spring or autumn.
What is Pyridaben used for?
Pyridaben is an acaricide widely used around the world to control phytophagous mites, white flies, aphids, and thrips. It is highly toxic to nontarget organisms such as predatory mites, bees, and fishes.
Insecticide, Acaricide: Used to control mites, whiteflies, leafhoppers and psyllids on fruit trees, vegetables, ornamentals and other field crops. Pyramite is a selective contact miticide/insecticide that controls pests in apple, grapes, pear, pistachio, stone fruits, and the tree nuts group.
Insecticide Pyridaben price
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What is the trade name for pyridaben?
Pyridaben (NC-129, BAS 3001) is widely used as an acaricide with a long residual action and as an insecticide mainly against sucking insects. Trade names include Nexter, Oracle, Poseidon, Pyramite, Sanmite, and Starling. Pyridaben shows moderate to low acute toxicity to mammals.
Pyridaben is a pyridazinone insecti- cide/acaricide/miticide used to control mites, whiteflies, leafhoppers and psyllids on fruit trees, vegetables, orna- mentals and other field crops. It is also used to control pests in apple, grapes, pear, pistachio, stone fruits, and the tree nuts group .
Pyridaben Control targets
High efficiency, broad spectrum acaricide, no internal absorption, to the leaf mite, the whole claw mite, the small claw mite combined gall mite and other vegetative harm mite all has the obvious control effect, but also to the egg, if mite, adult mite are effective, also effective to the adult migration period.Suitable for citrus, apple, pear, hawthorn, cotton, tobacco, vegetables (except eggplant) and ornamental plants.
Pyridaben Chemical Properties
White to tan crystalline solid or powder. Faint vanilla odor. Commercial product is available as an emulsifiable concentrate or wettable powder.
Is pyridaben systemic?
Pyridaben is a selective contact miticide/insecticide that controls various types of phytophagous mites and insects in orchards and vineyards. This active ingredient (ai) is a contact acaricide with prolonged residual effects and no known systemic or translaminar activities.
Pyridaben levels on agricultural products
Pyridaben is widely applied on fruit trees and vegetables to control red spider mites (Tetranychus cinnbarinus) and flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp). pyridaben was the most frequently detected acaricides with a detection rate of 11.8% (34/288). Among the 12 kinds of dietary samples, pyridaben was mainly detected in vegetable and fruit samples, with the maximum concentration of 49.55 μg/kg. A three-year (2013–2015) monitoring survey of pesticide residues on peaches in China found pyridaben residues in 10.6% of samples (Li et al., 2018). The residue values ranged from 0.01 to 0.28 mg/kg, which was lower than the maximum residual level (MRL) value of European Union (0.3 mg/kg). In another study of five local fruit cultivars in Shanghai, 1 out of 40 peach samples was positive for pyridaben, with a residue value of 7.8 μg/kg. Pyridaben was detected in 7.2% samples, and the residue levels were in the range of 0.005–0.63 mg/kg, which were lower than the MRL of China (2 mg/kg). The cumulative chronic dietary intakes did not pose health risks for Chinese general population and children.Pyridaben was detected in pakchoi and tomato samples, with detection rates of 18.8% and 2%, respectively. The concentration levels of pyridaben residue in pakchoi ranged from 130.0 to 3400.2 μg/kg, which were the highest among the residues of 24 investigated pesticides; they accounted for 42.7% to the estimated daily intake. Fortunately, the hazard index was far lower than 1, which indicated low dietary risk.
Pyridaben Acute Toxicity
Pyridaben shows moderate to low acute toxicity to mammals. The intraperitoneal LDso was 68 mg/kg in male rats (Igarashi and Sakamoto, 1994). The dermal toxicity is low but toxicity by the inhalation route is quite high. With sublethal doses in mice and rats, clinical signs included decreased food consumption, diarrhea, hypothermia, bradycardia, bradypnea, decreased spontaneous motor activity, abnormal gait, prostration, eye closing, amd piloerection. At near lethal or lethal doses (300 mg/kg or more) depression of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems were stronger, but no change occurred in motor functions, including coordination, muscle strength, and neuromuscular transmission, or in sensory functions. Early gastric lavage was effective in presenting poisoning in rats and loperamide was efficacious in reducing the diarrhea that occurred at low doses.
Pyridaben has a low acute toxicity to birds, but it is extremely toxic to aquatic species. Its persistence in soil is relatively brief due to rapid microbial degradation (e.g., the half-life under aerobic conditions is reported to be less than 3 weeks). In natural water in the dark, the half-life is about 10 days, due mainly to microbial action since pyridaben is stable to hydrolysis over the pH range 5-9. The half-life including aqueous photolysis is about 30 min at pH 7 (Tomlin, 2000).