Dichlorvos insecticide Use
What is Dichlorvos?Dichlorvos is an insecticide that is a dense colorless liquid.Cas 62-73-7 It has a sweetish smell and readily mixes with water. Dichlorvos used in pest control is diluted with other chemicals and used as a spray. It can also be incorporated into plastic that slowly releases the chemical. Dichlorvos is used for insect control in food storage areas, green houses, and barns, and control of insects on livestock. It is not generally used on outdoor crops. Dichlorvos is sometimes used for insect control in workplaces and in the home. Veterinarians use it to control parasites on pets.
Dichlorvos is an alkenyl phosphate that is the 2,2-dichloroethenyl ester of dimethyl phosphate.Cas 62-73-7It has a role as an EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor, an anthelminthic drug, an EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor, an antibacterial agent and an antifungal agent. It is an alkenyl phosphate, a dialkyl phosphate, an organophosphate insecticide and an organochlorine acaricide.
Dichlorvos (2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate, commonly abbreviated as an DDVP) is an organophosphate widely used as an insecticide to control household pests, in public health, and protecting stored products from insects. The compound has been commercially available since 1961 and has become controversial because of its prevalence in urban waterways and the fact that its toxicity extends well beyond insects.
Dichlorvos appears as a colorless to amber liquid with an aromatic odor. When heated to high temperatures may emit toxic chloride fumes and phosgene gas. Toxic by inhalation, skin absorption or ingestion. Used as a pesticide. May be found in the form of a dry mixture where the liquid is absorbed onto a dry carrier.
Dichlorvos Use
Dichlorvos is a contact and stomach insecticide with fumigant and penetrant action. It is used as granules or impregnated resin to control internal and external parasites (especially fleas and ticks) in livestock and as aerosols or liquid sprays or as impregnated cellulose ceramic or resin strips to control insects in houses, buildings and outdoor areas (especially flies and mosquitos). It is also used to protect certain crops (and other plants) from insects in the field and in storage. Dichlorvos is not generally applied directly to soil, but it is added to water to control parasites in the case of intensive fish farming (WHO, 1989). It is used as an antihelminthic by incorporation in animal feeds.
Dichlorvos is effective against mushroom flies, aphids, spider mites, caterpillars, thrips, and whiteflies in greenhouses and in outdoor crops. It is also used in the milling and grain handling industries and to treat a variety of parasitic worm infections in animals and humans. It is fed to livestock to control botfly larvae in manure. It acts against insects as both a contact poison and an ingested poison. It is available as an aerosol and soluble concentrate. It is also used in pet flea collars and "no-pest strips" in the form of a pesticide-impregnated plastic; this material has been available to households since 1964 and has been the source of some concern, partly due to misuse.
Dichlorvos is used as an agricultural insecticide on crops, stored products, and animals. It is also used as an insecticide for slow release on pest-strips for pest control in homes. Dichlorvos is used as an anthelmintic (worming agent) for dogs, swine, and horses, as a botacide (agent that kills fly larvae) for horses, and in flea collars for dogs.
Dichlorvos has been widely used as an insecticide since 1961. It is mainly used to control insects in food storage areas, greenhouses, and barns, and to control parasites in livestock and domestic animals.Dichlorvos is also used to control insects in workplaces.In general, dichlorvos is not used on outdoor crops.
Dichlorvos may be used in the form of dust, granules, pellets, impregnated resin strips, or concentrates.It can be diluted with other liquids and used as a spray, or incorporated into slow-releasing plastics.
Insecticide Dichlorvos price
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Dichlorvos Properties
Dichlorvos is a colourless liquid with aromatic odour.Its density is 1.425 g/cm3 (23.35 g/in3) at 25 °C (77 °F), melting point below −60 °C (−76 °F)and a boiling point of 140 °C (284 °F) at 27 hPa.Dichlorvos is soluble in water.
Dichlorvos Mechanism of action
Dichlorvos, like other organophosphate insecticides, inhibits acetylcholinesterase, associated with the nervous systems of insects. Evidence for other modes of action, applicable to higher animals, have been presented. It is claimed to damage DNA of insects.
What is dichlorvos used for?
Dichlorvos is used for insect control in food storage areas, green houses, and barns, and control of insects on livestock. It is not generally used on outdoor crops. Dichlorvos is sometimes used for insect control in workplaces and in the home. Veterinarians use it to control parasites on pets.
How do you mix dichlorvos?
DICHLORVOS 500 can also be diluted with kerosene or a recommended fogging diluent. DILUTION: Where applicable call for DICHLORVOS 500 to be used at a 0.5% strength, make the emulsion (using water) or solution (using kerosene or similar diluent) by adding 1 litre DICHLORVOS 500 to 99 litres of water or other diluent.
Dichlorvos Regulation
The United States Environmental Protection Agency has reviewed the safety data of dichlorvos several times.In 1995 a voluntary agreement was reached with the supplier, Amvac Chemical Corporation, which restricted the use of dichlorvos in many, but not all, domestic uses, all aerial applications, and other uses.Additional voluntary cancellations were implemented in 2006, 2008, and 2010. Major concerns focus on acute and chronic toxicity and the fact that this pesticide is prevalent in urban waterways. A 2010 study found that each 10-fold increase in urinary concentration of organophosphate metabolites was associated with a 55% to 72% increase in the odds of ADHD in children.
Dichlorvos Safety
People can be exposed to dichlorvos in the workplace by breathing it in, skin absorption, swallowing it, and eye contact. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) has set the legal limit (permissible exposure limit) for dichlorvos exposure in the workplace as 1 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has set a recommended exposure limit (REL) of 1 mg/m3 over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 100 mg/m3, dichlorvos is immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH).
Dichlorvos Effects on humans
Since it is an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, symptoms of dichlorvos exposure include weakness, headache, tightness in chest, blurred vision, salivation, sweating, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, eye and skin irritation, miosis (pupil constriction), eye pain, runny nose, wheezing, laryngospasm, cyanosis, anorexia, muscle fasciculation, paralysis, dizziness, ataxia, convulsions, hypotension (low blood pressure), and cardiac arrhythmias.
Dichlorvos Precautions
Dichlorvos is an insecticide used on crops, animals, and in pest-strips. Acute (short-term) and chronic (long-term) exposures of humans to dichlorvos results in the inhibition of an enzyme, acetylcholinesterase,
with neurotoxic effects including perspiration, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, fatigue, headache, and at high concentrations, convulsions, and coma. No information is available on the reproductive,developmental, or carcinogenic effects of dichlorvos on humans.
A study by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported an increased incidence of tumors of the pancreas, mammary glands, and
forestomach in animals. EPA has classified dichlorvos as a Group B2, probable human carcinogen.
Please Note: The main sources of information for this fact sheet are EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS),which contains information on inhalation chronic toxicity of dichlorvos and the Reference Concentration (RfC), oral
chronic toxicity and the Reference Dose (RfD), and the carcinogenic effects of dichlorvos including the unit cancer
risk for oral exposure; and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry's (ATSDR's) Toxicological Profile.