Fluazinam the wonder among microbial fungicides kills bacteria and acarids
What is fluazinam (79622-59-6)?
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is a heterocyclic fungicide. The original drug is a yellow crystal with a melting point of 115-117°C. Protective fungicide, effective against Alternaria, Botrytis (especially resistant to benzimidazoles and dicarboximides), Phytophthora, Unipota, Sclerotinia, and Black Star . It is not systemic and has no therapeutic effect, but it is extremely resistant to rain erosion and has a long residual effect. It is a good foliar spray and can also treat spider mites. Soil treatment can also effectively prevent and control cruciferous clubroot and rice damping-off caused by Rhizopus nigricans. It is safe for plants when used on fruit trees and vegetables, but use with caution on greenhouse cucumbers.
Microbial bactericide fluazinam (C13H4Cl2F6N4O4), molecular formula is light yellow crystal, Cas 79622-59-6, molecular weight is 465.092. It is an organic compound belonging to the pyridinamine derivatives and dinitroaniline fungicides. Fluazinam has broad-spectrum and highly effective protective bactericidal properties and is very effective against fungi such as Alternaria, Phytophthora, Plasmodium, Sclerotinia and Black Star.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is a heterocyclic fungicide. The original drug is a yellow crystal with a melting point of 115-117°C. Protective fungicide, effective against Alternaria, Botrytis (especially those that have developed resistance to benzimidazole and dicarboximides), Phytophthora, Monochosporium, Sclerotinia, and Black Star . It is not systemic and has no therapeutic effect, but it is extremely resistant to rain erosion and has a long residual effect. It is a good foliar spray and can also treat spider mites. Soil treatment can also effectively prevent and control cruciferous clubroot and rice damping-off caused by Rhizopus nigricans. It is safe for plants when used on fruit trees and vegetables, but use with caution on greenhouse cucumbers. Acute oral toxicity to rats LD50>5 000 mg/kg, mutagenicity test, recombination defect determination, the test was negative, fish toxicity to carp TLM (48 h) 0.13 mg/kg. Fluazinam is a 2,6-dinitroaniline low-toxicity fungicide that has good preventive effects on Alternaria, Botrytis, plant-eating mites, and clubroot of cruciferous plants. It is commonly used in Control pepper blight, potato and tomato late blight.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) pharmacological action
The microbial fungicide fluazinam inhibits all stages of the infection process by inhibiting spore germination, hyphal breakthrough, growth and sporulation. Fluazinam (SHIRLAN, IKF-1216) was first developed by Ishihara Co., Ltd. of Japan and has been further developed. According to its characteristics, it belongs to the 2,6-dinitroaniline class of low-toxic fungicides. At the same time, it also has good protection performance. Fluazinam also has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and has good control effects on diseases caused by Alternaria, Botrytis, Phytophthora, Plasmodium and Sclerotinia, especially It is widely used in the control of Botrytis cinerea. Fluazinam has many advantages, especially in terms of rain resistance, and its water resistance has a long protection period, and has a good control effect on herbivorous mites. Through research, it has been found that it also has certain The research on the bactericidal effect of fluazinam on the prevention and treatment of clubroot in flowering plants began in 1982, which showed that fluazinam has good field effect in controlling various diseases of fruit trees, wheat, vegetables, soybeans, potatoes and tea.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) Properties
The microbial fungicide fluazinam appears as yellow crystals. m.p.115～117℃, relative density 1.757 (20℃), vapor pressure 1.47×10-3Pa (25℃). Solubility in organic solvents at 25°C: ethyl acetate 680g/L, acetone 470g/L, toluene 410g/L, methylene chloride 3390g/LChemicalbook, ethanol 120g/L, cyclohexane 14g/L, n-hexane 12g/L , 1,2-propanediol 8.6g/L; solubility in water: 0.1mg/L (pH=5.0), 1.7mg/L (pH=6.8), >1000mg/L (pH=11). Stable to acids, alkalis, and heat, but unstable to light.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) physical data
Properties: light yellow or yellow crystal or crystalline powder.
Density (g/mL, 25/4℃): 1.259
Melting point (ºC): 115～117
Solubility: Insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, and largely soluble in acetone.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) leaching characteristics
The leaching effect of the microbial fungicide fluazinam refers to the process in which the pesticide moves vertically downward in the soil with the infiltrated water. It is a comprehensive behavior of adsorption, desorption and distribution between the pesticide and water-soil particles. The mobility of the pesticide is strong or weak. It is one of the important basis for evaluating the safety of pesticides on groundwater. The soil column leaching method is often used in the laboratory to simulate the migration of pesticides in natural soil. It shows that the mobility of fluazinam in Nanjing yellow-brown soil is slightly stronger than that in Northeast black soil and Jiangxi red soil. The fluazinam content in the 0~10cm soil column section is 88.68% in the northeastern black soil, 80.76% in the Jiangxi red soil, and 0 in the Nanjing yellow brown soil; the fluazinam content in the 10~20cm soil column section is 11.32% in the northeastern black soil. It is 19.24% in Jiangxi red soil and 76.05% in Nanjing yellow brown soil; the fluazinam content in the 20~30cm soil column section is 0 in Northeast black soil and Jiangxi red soil, and 23.95% in Nanjing yellow brown soil. The migration performance of pesticides can be classified according to the percentage content of pesticides in each section of the soil column. Northeast black soil and Jiangxi red soil are difficult to leach grade, and Nanjing yellow brown soil is more difficult to leach grade.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) has a unique mechanism of action
The microbial bactericide fluazinam is the only mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation uncoupler and has no cross-resistance with existing agents. By acting on ATP synthase, it releases the connection between oxidation and phosphorylation at the end of the respiratory chain, maximally consuming the electrochemical potential energy accumulated by electron transfer, and its bactericidal speed and activity are ahead of similar compounds.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has multiple action sites on ATP synthase and is controlled by multiple genes. The risk of resistance is extremely low. There are no reports of resistance since it has been used around the world. It is a very futuristic characteristic compound.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is currently the most active compound among broad-spectrum fungicides.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam acts on multiple specific sites of ATP synthase at the end of the respiratory chain in the mitochondria. Its activity exceeds the single-site inhibitory effect of similar compounds, and its contact killing effect is outstanding. Taking gray mold as an example, the antibacterial activity of fluazinam against gray mold is 438-3866 times that of current mainstream ingredients.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) heals, eradicates and super protects
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is basically non-systemic, so it is positioned as a protective fungicide abroad. However, field test results show that fluazinam not only has outstanding protective effects, but also has certain therapeutic effects in the later stages of the disease. Through isotope tracking and other experimental methods, we observed the movement of the agent after spraying fluazinam on the leaves. It was found that fluazinam has strong permeability, and the active ingredients can pass through the epidermal cells of the leaves and enter the outer palisade tissue and sponge tissue to form the drug effect. Concentrated layer of protection.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has a higher efficacy utilization rate than the compounds with stronger systemic properties. For example, metalaxyl and dimethomorph, which are highly systemic, can be absorbed into the ducts and sieve tubes after spraying on the leaves, and are transported to other parts of the plant along with water and organic matter. Although they have good therapeutic effects, they The drug effect is diluted quickly, the duration of effect is short, and under the stimulation of low concentration of drug, pathogenic bacteria are more likely to develop drug resistance. Therefore, fluazinam is concentrated in the outer layer of the leaves to form a super protective layer, which not only slows down the dilution and decomposition of the drug effect, but also lasts longer (10-14 days) and is resistant to rain erosion.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has a strong contact effect and has been listed as a disaster relief agent. By blocking the production of spores, germination, infection and growth of hyphae, it exerts medicinal effects on various growth stages of bacteria. The disease prevention effect is significantly higher than that of conventional protective fungicides, and at the same time inhibits the breakthrough of invaded hyphae, effectively preventing the expansion of disease spots.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) has a broad bactericidal spectrum and can be used for ground spraying and soil treatment
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has a wide bactericidal spectrum and is effective against both higher and lower fungi. It can effectively prevent downy mildew, gray mold, sclerotinia, anthracnose, clubroot, and damping-off. Diseases such as scab and scab on fruit trees. Among them, it has special effects on blight, clubroot and gray mold.
The order of activity of Colletotrichum in strawberry from high to low is: prochloraz > fluazinam > difenoconazole, while cyprodinil, pyrimethanil and thiefamide have very low activity against the two species of Colletotrichum. (fluazinam + prochloraz will make the potion turn red, which has no obvious effect on the efficacy, nor on the crops)
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has very good soil stability and can maintain high activity after contact with soil. It has a long half-life and is suitable for various forms of soil treatment. The promotion of sprinkler irrigation or root irrigation in clubroot areas has played an outstanding role in preventing and controlling other root diseases (such as sclerotinia, potato tuber rot, etc.). Therefore, fluazinam is an ideal broad-spectrum fungicide for both ground spraying and soil treatment.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) has acaricidal effect
The control mechanism of the microbial fungicide fluazinam is to block the energy synthesis of mites, and it is effective against adults and eggs of spider mites. It is used for the control of spider mites in citrus apples and other fruit trees. Chemical penetration, strong contact effect, no systemic conduction, and low resistance to red spiders.
48 hours after 500 mg/L spray treatment, pyrofendifen, dinotefuran, fluazinam, pyrifenoxon, spirotetramat, benomyl, pymetrozine, didifenthiuron and thiamethoxam were effective against two-spotted spider mites The adjusted mortality rates were 100%, 96.66%, 93.99%, 93.67%, 83.14%, 77.62%, 72.51%, 65.00% and 63.36%, respectively.
The corrected mortality rates of fenfentrile, benomyl, fluazinam, pyrifenoxon, spirotetramat and thiamethoxam against spider mites were 100%, 100%, 100%, 95.41%, 92.75% and 79.26 respectively. %, all higher than the 77.78% of the contrast drug dimethoate.
Main properties of fluazinam (79622-59-6)
1. Bactericidal broad-spectrum, effective against a variety of diseases.
Microbial fungicide fluridine has good effect on both higher fungi and lower fungi. It can effectively prevent downy mildew, gray mold, sclerotinia, anthracnose and scab, anthracnose, scab and other diseases on vegetables; moreover, it has a comparative effect on the prevention of blight, clubroot and gray mold protrude.
2. It can be used as both ground spray and soil treatment.
The microbial fungicide fluridine has very good soil stability (it can maintain a high activity after being applied to the soil), and is suitable for various forms of soil treatment. For example, it also has a good effect on clubroot and other root diseases (such as sclerotinia, potato tuber rot, etc.). Therefore, fluazinam is an ideal broad-spectrum fungicide for both ground spraying and soil treatment.
3. The drug has a long duration of effect, about 10-14 days.
4. It has healing, eradicating and strong protective effects.
5. Good rain resistance.
6. Has acaricidal effect. It is effective against both adults and eggs of spider mites, and is commonly used to control spider mites on citrus, apple and other fruit trees.
Advantages of fluazinam (79622-59-6)
1. Broad-spectrum bactericidal, high activity, effective against lower fungi and higher fungi, is the compound with the highest activity of broad-spectrum fungicides, and has excellent control effect against Fusarium. Although the microbial fungicide fluoride has no systemic conductivity, it has a strong penetrating effect and has protective, therapeutic and eradication effects.
The microbial fungicide fluazinium p-tebuconazole, difenoconazole, fluazinam, azoxystrobin, imazalil and other 20 kinds of fungicides in the screening test of tobacco fusarium root rot control agent showed that fluazinam Tobacco Fusarium root rot has a strong inhibitory effect.
2. Strong soil stability.
The migration and leaching research results of the microbial fungicide fluazinam showed that fluazinam was not easy to move in three kinds of soils: red soil in Jiangxi, black soil in Northeast China and yellow brown soil in Nanjing. Fluazinam is easily adsorbed in the black soil of Northeast China, while the red soil of Jiangxi and the yellow-brown soil of Nanjing are easier to adsorb. Fluazinam is difficult to leach in the red soil of Jiangxi and the black soil of Northeast China, and is more difficult to leach in the yellow-brown soil of Nanjing.
The research on the hydrolysis and soil degradation characteristics of microbial fungicide fluazinam showed that fluazinam is not easy to decompose in acidic soil, but it is easier to decompose in alkaline soil and soil with high organic matter content. Tests have shown that the degradation half-life of fluazinam in soil is shorter only under waterlogging conditions, and is basically more than one month under other conditions.
Fluazinam is not easy to move in the soil, is difficult to leach, is not easy to decompose, and has a long half-life, making it very suitable for seed coating.
How to use fluazinam (79622-59-6)
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is recommended for preventive treatment at a dosage of 0.41/ha and an interval of 7-10 days. Use up to 3 consecutive times before replacing fungicides with different modes of action. Can be used 10 times per growing season.
Spraying at a dosage of 50-100gai/ha can prevent and control diseases caused by botrytis; 125-250gai/ha soil treatment can prevent and control clubroot, and the dosage of 12.5-20mgai/L soil can prevent and control head mold.
Application of fluazinam (79622-59-6)
Microbial fungicide fluazinam Fluazinam has a variety of different effects. On the one hand, it has a good control effect on a variety of pathogens. It is often used to prevent and control tomato late blight, pepper blight and potato blight. Fluazinam is available in two different dosage forms: suspension concentrate (SC) (50%W/W) and wettable powder (Wp) (0.5%w/w).
The production and use of the microbial fungicide fluazinium suspension concentrate have been deeply studied, and through certain developments, the fluazinam suspension concentrate is mainly used for the control of diseases and waxworms. A certain concentration of fluazinam can better inhibit the growth of Phytophthora capsici under certain conditions. Different concentrations of fluazinam have different effects. Using different concentrations of fluazinam in different periods can affect the emergence rate of potatoes, It produces different positive effects in terms of production yield, disease prevention and control, etc. For example, a 300-fold concentration of fluazinam can significantly increase the vitamin C content in the tubers. The disease prevention effect of 1000 times liquid is the best. 100 mL of 50% fluazinam suspension can have a good control effect on potato late blight. Fluazinam has a strong effect on inhibiting the mycelial growth of tomato Botrytis cinerea and its multi-drug-resistant strains. The combination of fluazinam and boscalid can significantly improve the control effect of Botrytis cinerea on strawberry under certain conditions, but the control effect of the fungus will be reduced if the compounding ratio of the two substances is improper.
The microbial fungicide fluazinium has conducted in-depth research on the influence of fluazinam on catalase in soil, mainly studying the effect of fluazinam on soil catalase at different concentrations. Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that the inhibitory effect of fluazinam on the activity of catalase in soil became more significant with the increase of fluazinam concentration. The performance of low-dose fluazinam on soil microbial respiration changes with time. And it shows an inhibition-activation trend, and both high and low doses exhibit inhibitory effects. After fluazinam is added to the soil, the respiratory activity of the soil fluctuates. Studies have shown that different soils have different adsorption and leaching properties for fluazinam, both of which are physical adsorption on the soil surface and are affected by factors such as the content of soil organic matter. High-quality concentration of fluazinam can better inhibit peach brown rot.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) uses
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is a pyridinamine derivative and a dinitroaniline fungicide. It has no therapeutic effect and systemic activity. It is a broad-spectrum and efficient protective fungicide. Very effective against Alternaria, Phytophthora, Plasmodium, Sclerotinia and Black Star. It also has a good effect on Botrytis cinerea that is resistant to benzimidazole and dicarboximide fungicides, and it also has a good effect on rice damping-off caused by Rhizopus. Extremely resistant to rainwater erosion and has a long residual effect. In addition, it has the function of controlling herbivorous mites.
The microbial fungicide fluazinam has a unique role in transporting compounds to the active sites of pathogens due to its β-trifluoromethylaminopyridine moiety, which can inhibit the germination, penetration, mycelium growth and spore formation of pathogen spores during the infection process.
The dosage of the microbial fungicide fluridin for the prevention and treatment of clubroot is 124.5-250.5g active ingredient/hm2, and the dosage of 187.5-300mg/L soil for the prevention and treatment of root mold. Uses: Very effective against Alternaria, Botrytis, Phytophthora, Plasmodium, Sclerotinia and Sclerotinia. Uses: Protective fungicide to control diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea, Brassicaceae Plant clubroot, rice damping-off, etc. The preparations include 0.5% powder, 50% wettable powder, and 50% suspension.
The microbial fungicide Fluridin is very effective against Alternaria, Botrytis, Phytophthora, Plasmodium, Sclerotinia and Sclerotinia
The microbial fungicide Fluridin is a protective fungicide that prevents diseases caused by Botrytis cinerea, clubroot of cruciferous plants, and damping-off of rice. The preparations include 0.5% powder, 50% wettable powder, and 50% suspension.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) is mainly promoted
The main promotion direction of the microbial fungicide fluazinam is cruciferous vegetable clubroot and potato late blight. Most of the use of cruciferous vegetables is concentrated on root irrigation, and the dosage per mu is 300 ml.
In the case of downy mildew and late blight, special attention must be paid to choosing the use time and dosage. For example, white spots will appear when used on potatoes, but they can recover later, which requires companies to predict and evaluate in advance.
Used on Panax notoginseng to prevent downy mildew and root rot, the effect is good. It does not cause damage to the leaves and stems of Panax notoginseng, and does not inhibit the growth of Panax notoginseng. It is very safe.
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) compound
Fluazimid + pyraclostrobin + metalaxyl, corn stem rot
Fluazimid + pyraclostrobin + thiamethoxam Wheat stem rot
Fluazinam + metalaxyl, rapeseed clubroot
Fluazinam (79622-59-6) Precautions
The microbial fungicide fluazinam is likely to cause harm to melons. When using it, please be careful not to scatter the liquid to nearby melon fields. This agent may be sensitive to people with skin allergies. People with allergies should not apply the medicine; Do not apply pesticides when it rains or when trees are wet; pruning, fertilizing, bagging and other tasks should be completed before spraying; avoid long-term operations when there is high temperature and humidity.
1. Pay attention when mixing with other medicines
Mixing fluazinam with the above types of agents may cause phytotoxicity.
Fluazinam mixed with silicone exhibits ring spots on citrus fruit
2. Do not use medicines for sensitive crops and sensitive periods of crops.
(1) Melons and grapes are more sensitive to fluazinam
The use of fluazinam on melon crops is more prone to phytotoxicity. In addition, although it is registered on many crops, such as citrus, peppers, potatoes and other crops, if it is used in high concentrations on registered crops or under high temperature conditions, it can easily lead to phytotoxicity.
(2) Use with caution in the seedling stage of crops. The crops at the seedling stage are relatively tender, and if the concentration is not well controlled, it is easy to cause phytotoxicity.
3. Pay attention to avoid high temperature during use.
Everyone must avoid using fluazinam in high temperature weather, high temperature will greatly increase the risk of drug injury. (Generally, the suitable temperature for spraying is around 25 degrees, and in summer, it is mainly applied before 9 am or after 5 pm, avoiding high temperature or strong light)
4. Do not spray in a closed environment.
It is best not to apply pesticides in closed environments such as greenhouses and plastic facilities. (Because some people are more sensitive to drugs, it is not safe to use in a closed environment)
Before use, special attention is required
1. Read the instructions carefully. Before use, be sure to read the instructions carefully and be optimistic about the precautions for the use of the medicine.
2. Before mixing, do a test first, and then use it in a large area.
When mixing with other conventional chemicals (except EC, organic phosphorus, organic silicon and foliar fertilizer, etc.), it is best to experiment first and then use it on a large scale.
3. It is best not to use beyond the range.
For safety reasons, it is best to only use it on registered diseases of registered crops (such as potato late blight, pepper blight, apple brown spot, cabbage clubroot, etc.), and try not to use it beyond the scope to avoid unnecessary trouble.
4. According to the target of prevention and control, grasp the best prevention and control time.
(1) If it is used to prevent spider mites, it should be applied when the eggs of spider mites are hatching and young, and the effect will be better.
(2) If it is used for sterilization, it should be used before the disease occurs, or at the early stage of the disease, so that its protective effect can be better exerted.
In addition, if you are not sure that this medicine can be used well, it is best to choose its alternative medicine. (Choose the appropriate pesticide according to the target of prevention and control. For example, potato late blight can be replaced by cymoxanil, fluorobacterium, propamocarb, etc.)
The price of microbial fungicide fluazinam (79622-59-6)
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