Understanding Fungicide Metalaxyl in One Article
What is metalaxyl?Metalaxyl, also known as D,L-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(2'-methoxyacetyl)alanine methyl ester, is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C15H21NO4 and a molecular weight of 279.332, white crystal.
It is a fungicide that inhibits fungal protein synthesis. Metalaxyl inhibits the growth of Fusarium wilt in potato fields in Serbia.
Metalaxyl dosage form
5% Granules, 25% WP, 35% Seed Dressing Agent, 30% Hymexazol Aqueous Agent, 50% Switamido Plus Copper WP, 58% Switamido Manganese Zinc Powder, etc.
Metalaxyl medicinal effect
Slightly volatile, relatively stable under neutral and slightly acidic conditions, and easily decomposed in case of alkali. The appearance of wettable powder is white to beige powder, pH is 5-8, and it is non-flammable; the appearance of seed treatment preparation is purple powder, pH is 6-9, and it is stable for more than 2 years when stored at room temperature. It has low toxicity to humans and animals, mild irritation to skin and eyes, and low toxicity to birds, fish and bees. It has protective, therapeutic and systemic bactericidal effects on diseases, is resistant to rain erosion, and lasts for 10 to 14 days.
Physical properties of metalaxan
This product is white powder. The melting point of industrial products is 63.5-72.30, and the boiling point is 295.9°C (101kPa). The vapor pressure is 0.75mPa at 25°C. Density 1.20 (20°C). Solubility (25°C): 8.4g/L in water (22°C), 450g/L in acetone, 400g/L in ethanol, 340g/L toluene, 11g/L n-hexane, 68g/L octanol. Stable below 300°C, stable in neutral and acidic media at room temperature. Hydrolysis (20°C) DT50 (calculated value)>200 days (pH1), 115 days (pH9), 12 days (pH10). Non-flammable, non-explosive, non-corrosive.
metalaxyl toxicity
It is a low toxicity fungicide. The acute oral LD50 of the original drug in rats was 669 mg/kg, and the acute percutaneous LD50>3100 ml/kg. Slightly irritating to eyes and skin, low toxicity to fish, TLM of trout is 100mg/kg (96h). Metalaxyl belongs to the phenylamide family of high-efficiency, low-toxicity, low-residue, systemic fungicidal pesticides. Its systemic and penetrating power is very strong, and it can conduct bidirectionally up and down in the plant 30 minutes after application. It has protective and therapeutic effects on diseased plants, and the drug effect lasts for a long time. It mainly inhibits the synthesis of proteins in the mycelium of pathogenic bacteria, making It lacks nutrients, cannot grow normally and dies.
Metalaxyl Features
Synthesis inhibitor of ribosomal RNA I. Systemic specific fungicide, with protective and therapeutic effects, can be absorbed by the roots, stems and leaves of plants, and then transferred to various organs of plants along with the water transport in the body. It has two-way conductivity, and the duration of effect is 10-14 days, and the duration of soil treatment can exceed 2 months.
How to use Metalaxyl
1. Generally, 25% WP750 times liquid is used to prevent and control downy mildew and blight of cucumber, cotton blight of eggplant, tomato and pepper, white rust of cruciferous vegetables, etc., spray once every 10-14 days, and the number of medications should not be adjusted every season. More than 3 times.
2. Prevention and treatment of millet white disease: use 200-300 grams of 35% seed dressing agent per 100 kg of seeds, first moisten the seeds with 1% water or rice soup, and then mix in the powder.
3. The seedbed for the prevention and treatment of tobacco black stem disease is treated with 133 grams of 25% wettable powder per mu for soil treatment 2-3 days after sowing. Honda uses 58% wettable powder for each mu on the 7th day after transplanting. Spray 500 times with water.
4. Prevention and treatment of potato late blight When leaf spots first appear, spray with 500 times liquid of 25% wettable powder per mu, once every 10-14 days, no more than 3 times.
General usage and dosage of metalaxyl
Foliar spray 30% hymexazol diluted 1200-1500 times
Dilute 30% hymexazol for root irrigation to 800-1000 times, soak or dress seeds 1200 times
Soil treatment: Generally, 1-2 kg of hymexazol is used per mu, mixed with fertilizer and applied, and the effect of hole application or strip application will be better
Seedbed disinfection For the seedbeds of peanuts, vegetables, cotton, tobacco, flowers, Chinese herbal medicines, forestry seedlings, etc., before sowing, treat the seedbed soil with 2 kg or 30% mefenazol per mu to prevent seedling damping-off, immediate blight, fusarium wilt, root rot, stem rot and other diseases.
When the seedlings of vegetables, grains, peanuts, tobacco, medicinal materials and other crops are planted or during the growth period of the seedlings, spray with 1200-1500 times liquid 30% hymexazol, and spray once every 7 days, which can not only prevent fusarium wilt and root rot disease, stem rot, blight, verticillium wilt, sheath blight, rice blast and other diseases, and can promote the development of seedling root system, strong plants, and enhance the resistance to low temperature, frost, drought, waterlogging, phytotoxicity, fertilizer damage, etc. Resistance to various natural disasters.
Properties of Mefenhymexazol Agent:
With systemic and conductive properties, it can be directly absorbed by the roots of plants, enter the plant body, and move extremely quickly. It only takes 2-3 hours to move to the stem within 2-3 hours and move to the whole plant within 24 hours. Its metabolites in the plant are two kinds of glucosides, which can promote the growth of plants.
It can improve the efficacy in the soil. Most fungicides are used for soil disinfection and are easily absorbed by the soil, which tends to reduce the efficacy. Hymexazol still has bactericidal activity within two weeks of use. In the soil, iron can be combined with inorganic metal salts. Combined with aluminum ions, it improves the ability to inhibit the germination of germ spores. The ability to be adsorbed by the soil is extremely strong, and the mobility in the vertical and horizontal directions is very small, which plays an important role in improving the efficacy of the drug.
Other medicinal effects of metalaxyl
Hymexazol has a growth-promoting effect on plants, and the branches of the roots. The number of root hairs increases, the vigor of the roots increases, the dry matter weight of the underground part increases with dosage. It is easy to absorb water and has a strong nutrient capacity. Prevent root aging. The roots treated with hymexazol are obviously whiter and tenderer than the roots without hymexazol, which has the effect of preventing and controlling root aging. It can prevent the seedlings from withering due to physiological disorders caused by low temperature, and has good drought resistance. cold resistance. It also has the function of reducing herbicide damage. Increase the strong seedling rate of seedlings, increase the total seedling weight, increase the survival rate of seedlings after transplanting into the field, shorten the time for slowing down the seedlings after transplanting, and turn green quickly after transplanting; it can also promote the growth and development of the field in the early stage.
Hymexal is safe, low-toxic and has no residue. It is an environmentally friendly fungicide, and it is also a pesticide for green food.
Hymexazol can be used in a variety of insecticides. Mixed use of herbicides and other chemicals.
Method of using metalaxyl to prevent and cure damp-off
Hymexazol is a systemic fungicide, which can be absorbed by the roots of plants and move in the root system. It metabolizes in the plant to produce two kinds of glycosides, which have the effect of improving the physiological activity of crops, promoting root growth, and improving the quality of seedlings. cold resistance.
Methaxone and hymexazol are also an excellent soil disinfectant, which is effective against Pythium and Fusarium in the soil. After the soil is sprayed, the agent will combine with iron and aluminum ions in the soil to inhibit the germination of the spores of the bacteria. However, it has little effect on bacteria and actinomycetes other than pathogenic bacteria in the soil, so it has no effect on the ecology of microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, it is often used for seed disinfection and soil treatment, and the effect will be better when mixed with manganese zinc wettable powder.
To prevent and control rice seedling blight, use 2-5 ml of 30% mefenazol per square meter (50-100 grams of active ingredients per mu) before sowing in rice seedling fields, seedbeds, and seedling boxes (pans). 3-4 kg, spray until penetrated, and then sow. Seedlings at the 1-2 leaf stage should be sprayed again before transplanting.
To control leafy blight, spray or irrigate roots with 30% hymexazol 1500 times liquid.
To prevent and control peanut, beet blight, blight, root rot and seedling rot, if necessary, spray or irrigate 1200-1500 times of 30% hymexazol.
To control sugarcane tiger disease, spray 30% hymexazol 1500 times solution at the initial stage of the disease.
To prevent and control watermelon wilt, use 30% hymexazol 1200-1500 times solution to spray the seedbed or Honda root irrigation.
To prevent and control cucumber, tomato, eggplant, pepper's crushing disease, blight, fusarium wilt and other diseases, spray 30% metalaxyl hymexazol 1500 times liquid at the beginning of the disease, and spray 2 kg of liquid per square meter. ;
To prevent and control cucumber wilt, each plant should be irrigated with 1500 times solution of 30% hymexazol.
To prevent and control tobacco chipping disease and blight, spray 30% hymexazol 1200-1500 times liquid at the beginning of the disease.
To prevent the disease of medicinal plants safflower, use 30% hymexazol 1000 times liquid to irrigate the holes when transplanting. For the prevention and treatment of blight of Echinacea, spray 1000 times liquid of 30% hymexamethazol water agent at the beginning of the disease, and apply it again every 7-10 days.
To prevent tea seedlings from falling down and blight, before planting, apply 100-200 grams of 30% hymexazol per mu to the water and soil, or use 1200--1500 times of liquid to spray on the soil surface.
When using metalaxa-hymex for seed dressing, it is safe to use dry mixing, and wet mixing or stuffy seeds are prone to phytotoxicity. Dosage should be strictly controlled to prevent inhibition of crop growth.
Packaging, storage and transportation of metalaxyl
The original medicine is packed in galvanized iron drums, each drum has a net weight of 50kg; various preparations are packed in 40 (inner diameter)×54cm hard fiberboard drums, each drum contains 200 bags (double-layer plastic bags), each bag is 100g, and each drum has a net weight of 20kg. Storage and transportation should be strictly protected from humidity and sunlight, keep well ventilated, and do not mix with food and feed, and the storage temperature should not exceed 35°C. Store in a ventilated, cool and dry place. This product has no specific antidote, only symptomatic treatment.
Precautions for metalaxyl
The use of pesticides must comply with the protection rules. When used for seed dressing, it is necessary to strictly control the dosage of the pesticide, and then dry it immediately after mixing, and do not stuff the seeds to prevent phytotoxicity.
It should be sprayed in sunny and windless weather, no need to re-spray if it rains 4 hours after spraying
If swallowed by mistake, drink plenty of warm water to induce vomiting, gastric lavage, and seek medical attention immediately with this label
Mefenax-hymexazol can be mixed with common pesticides and can be synergistic with each other.
The role and use of Frost
Function: It has an efficient effect on diseases caused by downy mildew, Phytophthora, and Pythium in vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco, oil plants, cotton, and grains. Metalaxyl-M Metalaxyl-M, also known as high-efficiency metalaxyl.
The chemical name is N-(2,6-xylyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)-D-alanine methyl ester, which belongs to fungicides.
Physical and chemical properties: Appearance: light brown, viscous, transparent liquid. Specific gravity: 1.125g/cm3 (20°C, pure product) Boiling point: The pure product thermally decomposes at around 270°C. Melting point: -38.7°C (pure product). Vapor pressure: 3.3×10ˉ3Pa (25°C, pure product).
Metalaxyl is a high-efficiency metalaxyl in metalaxyl-m, and it is also the first fungicide with stereoscopic optical activity on the market. It can be used for seed treatment, soil treatment and stem and leaf treatment. For the same disease prevention effect, only 1/2 of the amount of metalaxyl is needed, and the degradation rate in the soil is faster than that of metalaxyl, which increases the safety for users and the environment.
The main dosage form is 350 g/L seed treatment emulsion. In order to prevent soybean root rot, peanut root rot and cotton blight, 350g/L seed treatment emulsion can be used, diluted to 1~2L with water at a ratio of 1:(1250~2500), and the slurry and seeds are fully stirred , until the medicinal solution is evenly distributed on the surface of the seeds, and then dried.
Metalaxyl belongs to the benzamide systemic fungicides. It can not only prevent and cure diseases, but also eradicate diseases. It has a strong systemic conduction function, that is, after the drug enters the plant, it can be transmitted to the top, base and side, so it can be used for foliar spraying, seed treatment or root irrigation. Metalaxyl has strong selectivity and is only effective against oomycete diseases, and has special effects on downy mildew, Phytophthora, and Pythium.
The role and use of Frost
1. Mefenaxyl has a highly effective effect on diseases caused by downy mildew, Phytophthora, and Pythium in vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco, oilseeds, cotton, and grains.
2. Metalaxyl can be used for seed treatment, soil treatment and stem and leaf treatment.
3. Metalaxyl has three-dimensional optical activity, and the effect of disease prevention is remarkable, and the dosage is only 1/2 of that of metalaxyl, and the degradation rate in soil is faster than that of metalaxyl, which can increase the safety of users and the environment safety.
It should be noted that although Naxyl has many advantages, it is still necessary to follow the usage method and safety precautions during use to avoid unnecessary risks. At the same time, it is best to consult a professional before using it.
Features of Frost Armor
1. Strong systemic absorption
When the medicament is sprayed on the crops, it can be absorbed by the seeds, roots, stems and leaves of the crops and transmitted to all parts, which can protect and treat the crops well.
2. High security
Metalaxyl is an upgraded version of Metalaxyl. Under the same circumstances, it only needs to use half of Metalaxyl, which increases the safety of the environment and users.
Inhaled into the crops within a short period of time, it is resistant to rain erosion and basically does not cause phytotoxicity.
3. Many crops are applied
Metalaxyl has a good control effect on diseases caused by downy mildew, phytophthora and pythium, and can be applied to many crops.
For example: prevention and control of melon downy mildew and blight; tomato and potato late blight; potato black shank; cabbage downy mildew; leek blight; onion and spinach downy mildew; pepper blight; tomato cotton blight; grape downy mildew; Citrus seedling blight and so on.
Precautions for Frost Spirit
1. In addition to soil treatment, this agent is generally used in compound preparations, and it is easy to induce bacterial resistance when used alone.
2. The spray can be mixed with protective fungicides such as mancozeb to improve drug efficacy and reduce drug resistance.
3. Do not mix with alkaline agents to avoid decomposition and failure.
A potion with a similar effect to Frost Spirit
1. Hymexazol
Hymexazol has a good effect on Pythium and some soil-borne diseases (damping-off, blight), etc., but the dosage should be controlled when using it to prevent the growth of crops from being inhibited.
2. Fludioxonil
Fludioxonil also has a good effect on soil-borne diseases such as sheath blight, blight, stem rot, and vine blight.
Although the above potions have many similar effects with Frost Spirit, they are not as easily absorbed as Frost Spirit, so they can generally be used in combination.
Blend of Frost Armor
1. Azoxystrobin
Applicable crops: cucumber, tomato, pepper, watermelon, cabbage, corn, wheat, peanut, potato, green onion, cotton, garlic, etc.
Target diseases: root rot, stem rot, anthracnose, downy mildew, damping-off, blight, sheath blight, vine blight and other diseases.
2. Nafenaxyl · Manganese Zinc
Target diseases: downy mildew, blight, white rust, damping-off, fruit rot, etc. of various crops. Among them, late blight of tomato and potato, downy mildew of various melon crops and downy mildew of grape are the most widely used.
Precautions:
(1) Try to use it in the early stage of the disease, it can play a better role.
(2) It is recommended to use it alternately with other fungicides (such as oxadaxyl, hymexazol, propamocarb, etc.) to avoid drug resistance.
(3) When used in conjunction with other agents, it is recommended to do a test first to avoid drug damage.
3. Fine Armor · Hymexazol
Applicable crops: rice, melons and fruits, vegetables, fruit trees, flowers, lawns and seedlings, etc.
Target diseases: blight, fusarium wilt, pythium, verticillium wilt, damping-off, sclerotinia, retting root, root rot and stem base rot, etc.
Note: Mainly used for the roots of crop seedlings; if it rains after spraying, no respraying is required.
4. Chlorothalonil
Applicable crops: cucumber, pepper, melon, zucchini, tomato, eggplant, cruciferous vegetables, potatoes and grapes, etc.
Targeted diseases: Mainly used to prevent and control low-level fungal diseases, such as downy mildew, phytophthora, pythium, blight, blight, late blight, damping-off, etc., and also prevent some higher fungal diseases, such as Anthracnose, brown spot, early blight, leaf spot, blight, etc.
Precautions: Pesticide damage may occur on red grapes and should be used with caution; according to the location of the disease, choose the appropriate method of medication (if there is a problem with the root, you can irrigate the root, and if there is a problem with the leaf surface, you can spray).
In addition to the above compounding, mefenaxyl can also be compounded with cymoxanil, fofosalum and other agents, which also have good effects in preventing and controlling some diseases.
Finally, I would like to stress again that the systemic properties of Frost-Alexin are strong, and the effect is very good when used on crops. More importantly, it should be used in combination.
What are the similarities and differences between metalaxyl and fine armor
1 Create latitude and longitude
Metalaxyl was further optimized, that is, metolachlor, a herbicide with better performance, was discovered through design, synthesis, and screening. During the research process, some compounds were found to have fungicidal activity, but had phytotoxicity. Further research found a secondary lead compound, and finally discovered the world's first fungicide metalaxyl for the prevention and treatment of oomycete diseases on the basis of the compound, since the advent of metalaxyl in the late 1970s (launched in 1977) Since then, its sales have been very good, but have declined in recent years, and some companies have begun to invest heavily in the development, registration, production and sales of Naxyl.
Metalaxyl is a chiral compound, that is to say, there are enantiomers, and metalaxyl is a racemate, mainly composed of two isomers: R-isomer and S-isomer.
Metalaxyl (metalaxyl-M), also known as high-efficiency metalaxyl or optically active metalaxyl, is mainly composed of the highly active isomer R-isomer in metalaxyl, and its control effect is much stronger than that of formazan Frost spirit, that is to say, Jingjia is a compound refined and isolated on the basis of A, similar to the refined metolachlor and metolachlor in the herbicide, and the efficient cyhalothrin in the insecticide and cyhalothrin.
2 Pharmacy Features
Metalaxyl is a high-efficiency systemic fungicide, which has dual effects of protection and treatment, low toxicity, low residue, and long-lasting efficacy are the advantages of metalaxyl, which can be absorbed by plant roots, stems and leaves and follow the plant body The water is transported to various organs, and it is often used for seed dressing, foliar spraying and soil sterilization.
Metalaxyl is also a fungicide with high-efficiency systemic conductivity, which can pass through the seed coat, systemically transmit to various parts of the plant with seed germination and seedling growth, and prevent and control oomycetes such as Pythium, cotton mold, etc. A variety of soil-borne and seed-borne diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria are often used as seed treatment agents, especially in the registration of seed coating agents and special fertilizers for field crops such as wheat, rice, and peanuts in recent years. proportion.
According to the data, the registered dosage of metalaxyl on many crops is only 1/2 to 1/4 of that of metalaxyl, and the dosage of metalaxyl is only half of that of metalaxyl under the condition of obtaining the same control effect . In addition, the degradation rate of the R-isomer in the environment is much faster than that of the racemic compound, and it has better environmental compatibility. Based on this, many companies have adopted the registration and promotion of fine armor instead of metalaxyl. It is believed that fine armor will further replace the market share of armor.
However, judging from the registered dosage of a single agent for the same crop control target, the registered dosage of metalaxyl does not seem to be less than that of metalaxyl.
However, we looked at the two compound preparations with the same registered ingredients as hymexyl, and found that the registered dosage of Jingjia was not very different from that of metalaxyl, and was basically the same.
3 mechanism of action
Metalaxyl and metalaxyl mainly inhibit the synthesis of ribosomal RNA in pathogenic fungi. They are fungal protein synthesis inhibitors, which prevent fungal spore production and inhibit mycelial growth, resulting in the lack of nutrients for pathogens and normal growth and reproduction. resulting in the death of the bacteria.
The R-body acts in the same way as the S-body, but with different activities.
According to the classification of the Fungicide Resistance Action Committee, metalaxyl and metalaxyl are chemically classified as benzamides, both of which belong to the subgroup A1 of the inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis in category A. The site of action: inhibition of RNA polymerase Ⅰ (a an enzyme that adds poly-A to mRNA ends or precursors).
4 Objects of prevention and control
Metalaxyl only has antibacterial activity against pathogenic oomycetes such as Pythium, cotton mold, Phytophthora and Peronospora, and pathogenic oomycetes are lower fungi of the flagellate subphylum in the old classification system of pathogenic bacteria. The dosage is 500-1200g/ha (gram/ha). It is mainly used as a foliar treatment and seed treatment agent. It has a long drug effect, and the residual activity of metalaxyl in the soil is about 70-90 days.
Metalaxyl is also mainly used to prevent and control plant diseases caused by pathogens of Oomycetes, and its water solubility is much higher than that of general fungicides. It has selective effects on downy mildew and Phytophthora in Oomycetes, such as potato/tomato late blight, grape/cucumber downy mildew, sugar beet/watermelon/pepper blight, tobacco black shank, etc. It can also be used for the prevention and treatment of cotton and other crops such as damping-off disease and corn stalk rot.
The price of the fungicide metalaxyl
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